Why History?

In 1976 I arrived from my country grammar school at the Historical shrine of Peterhouse. At the time, although the smallest of the colleges of Cambridge, it had the highest number of History dons.

The study of History was taken seriously and the effect on me was to be lifelong. The key people for me were Maurice Cowling and Brian Wormald. Sitting in front of these strange, intense men reading an undergraduate essay was profoundly challenging. Historical writing involved seeking to understand the reality behind why men acted in the way they did; and that reality was hugely complex and not to be confused with the descriptions of it in the work of historians. For those writing about the past always have an agenda. The identification and evaluation of that agenda is part of the reader’s challenge. The effort to abandon – or at least admit to – that agenda is part of the historian’s challenge.

The ICA

There is a new book out about the early years of the ICA, which Peter Watson helped to create: “The ICA 1946-1968″ By Gregor Muir and Anne Massey. The book contains a useful chronology,  showing the amazing variety of cultural projects promoted by the ICA from its earliest years. It has a footnote reference to this website and a reference to my piece on Watson and Colin Anderson in the BAJ.

 After a brief visit to the current ICA in the Mall, we walked back past its site from 1950-1968 at 17/18 Dover Street. This is now the Dover Street Market, but to our surprise they were also celebrating the ICA’s tenure and had a range of visual displays referring to the ICA. The great excitement was going up to the old exhibition space at the front on the first floor, overlooking Dover Street. The new book has many pictures showing this space in use in the 1950s; it must always have been very cramped for what they were trying to do.

Oliver Messel

At the Opera House last night to see Sleeping Beauty, I noticed a lovely pastel and chalk drawing of the legendary Russian ballet dancer, Galina Ulanova, by Oliver Messel. It is hanging, presumably temporarily, in the passage from the main entrance towards the cloakroom area. Messel’s designs for Sleeping Beauty date from 1946 and are still to some extent being used today.

John Craxton

There is a new exhibition opened at the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge of Craxton’s work. I am not sure what has particularly led to the show being put on there, although it may have something to do with the enthusiastic new young Director, Tim Knox.

In any event, it is a welcome airing for Craxton’s work, which has not been widely seen in a public gallery since his 1967 Retrospective at the Whitechapel at the behest of Bryan Robertson. There was a small show at Tate Britain a few years ago, but that was not attempting to be comprehensive.

A problem in surveying the artist’s career is that it was a very long painting career indeed, encompassing various different styles. In his early days, during the War and with the huge power of Peter Watson’s wealth and encouragement behind him, he was instantly recognised as a purveyor of whatever was meant by Neo Romanticism. But he was always more than that, with a brilliant drafting skill and an interest which rapidly developed in all sorts of different directions.

 Once he started to visit Greece, and particularly Crete, where he later bought a house,  his colours and subject matter developed yet further. At the same time he glided out of the public view. Watson, who paid for a little book on the artist in 1948, written by Geoffrey Grigson, died in 1956 and Craxton spent increasingly long periods out of the English public’s eye. This inevitably meant that his work was treated as something of a curiosity in English art reviewing circles. It also meant that when the artist started to show in England in later years, his reputation had a bit of catching up to do. Moreover, his style had changed. One easily detects the influence of the Greek artist Ghika on certain periods of the work, but there were no doubt multiple influences going on in a way which made Craxton’s work very different from that of his English contemporaries.

Now the art market is increasingly marking his prices ever higher and it may be that this trend will continue and take him way up the English 20th C painters’ league tables.

It is impossible to mention Craxton’s development without emphasising the influence of Watson. Craxton dedicated pictures to him and did more than anyone else after Watson’s death to keep Watson’s name burning bright. He told everybody who would listen (including me) that Watson’s influence on mid-century British art was woefully under-recognised. He would, I hope, be very happy to know that a book on Watson is coming.

This show is fascinating; it cannot be large enough to do the artist’s oeuvre full justice, but we have to start somewhere and hopefully a bigger show will come.

Michael O’Connell

Michael O'Connell tapestry in Little Hadham ChurchIn the Nave of Little Hadham Church in Hertfordshire hangs a textile showing a stylised representation of part of the rather scattered village. It is by Michael O’Connell (1898-1976), who was a textile artist living nearby at Perry Green, where Henry Moore lived. He is described as a “pioneer in the production of textiles using dye resist techniques”. There is a website set up by his son which gives more information: michaeloconnell.org.uk. Well worth having a look.

John Aldridge

A rare chance to see a group of Aldridge’s work is on at the moment at the wonderful Fry Art Gallery in Saffron Walden.Lack of space means that there are not enough pictures to cover his long career, but because he rarely gets seen, this is a good opportunity.His basic subject matter was often landscape (or townscape) , sometimes around his Great Bardfield home in Essex and sometimes further afield.There are, for example, quite a few works painted in Italy.He also painted a lot on his visits to stay with the writer Robert Graves in Mallorca.

Freud’s drawing of Peter Watson

In the V and A bookshop the other day, I saw a familiar face.There is a new book out by Susan Owens called “The Art of Drawing:British Masters and Methods since 1600″. On the cover of this largescale hardback is Freud’s drawing of Peter Watson from 1945,which lives in the V and A collection.

Kent visits: Ridley and Trottiscliffe

Graham Sutherland's grave, Trottiscliffe Church

Inscription: “Graham Sutherland OM 1903-1980 and his devoted wife Kathleen 1905-1991

Today visited the above villages in Kent. The connections were that Thomas Hennell was born in Ridley, where his father was the vicar. The church was undergoing some repairs but the small hamlet remains remarkably remote despite being surrounded by various motorways. Hennell started his artistic life in this part of Kent, which was then completely rural.

Trottiscliffe church is where Graham Sutherland is buried, although it takes a while to find the grave, despite having a picture in Google. In fact it is lurking under a yew tree and is not in particularly good condition. The church itself is delightful, with box pews and an extraordinary pulpit, originally taken from Westminster Abbey, its proportions too large for a small village church.

Driving back through the village you pass the White House, which is the house Sutherland acquired with the help of Kenneth Clark.
White House, trottiscliffe, home of Graham Sutherland

Gerard Dillon at the Ava Gallery,Clandeboye

I visited this exhibition last week.It is an excellent display of the whole range of Dillon’s work.He produced a lot of work in his comparatively short life and was always an experimental and thoughtful artist.I would urge anyone within reach of Northern Ireland to visit or to get hold of the excellent catalogue.The gallery itself is a treat,with the pictures well laid out and,more importantly,lit.