Why History?

In 1976 I arrived from my country grammar school at the Historical shrine of Peterhouse. At the time, although the smallest of the colleges of Cambridge, it had the highest number of History dons.

The study of History was taken seriously and the effect on me was to be lifelong. The key people for me were Maurice Cowling and Brian Wormald. Sitting in front of these strange, intense men reading an undergraduate essay was profoundly challenging. Historical writing involved seeking to understand the reality behind why men acted in the way they did; and that reality was hugely complex and not to be confused with the descriptions of it in the work of historians. For those writing about the past always have an agenda. The identification and evaluation of that agenda is part of the reader’s challenge. The effort to abandon – or at least admit to – that agenda is part of the historian’s challenge.

British art in America

Back from New York and Minneapolis. In MOMA saw various Francis Bacon’s: a 1991 triptych, which must have been one of his last pictures; a Pope; and Study of a Baboon from 1953. The latter came from James Thrall Soby. I have come across him in the context of my Peter Watson research, as correspondence survives between them, although they appear not to have been close.

Completely unexpected in amongst the strange experimental objects in the Walker Art Gallery in Minneapolis was a 1953 Bacon head of a man.

Otherwise a Moore piece in the sculpture garden at MOMA.

John Piper at Dorchester-on-Thames

Increasingly it is possible to regard Piper as an extremely important artist of 20th C Britain. This is partly because of the efforts by his supporters to put on a wide variety of shows of his work, enabling the audience for such things to get a much greater perspective on the breadth of his talents than is available for many artists who are only seriously accessible through their random appearances in Sotheby’s and Christie’s. I was going to say “concerted” efforts, in that the group of active, exhibition-organising Piper supporters is small. But I am not sure they are all acting together in that sense. Instead, they are all passionate about his work and particularly about the fact that the art world has not valued that work highly enough yet for their liking.

I very much appreciate their efforts, concerted or otherwise. The voices which shout loudest for particular artists have sometimes managed to propel their favourites up the art charts unfairly. Those emanating from St Ives are the obvious example of this pattern and the distortions it causes. Sometimes the shouting voices are correct, in my view, to shout: Bacon would be my example of that (provided they are limiting themselves to his painting and not trying to praise all of  his utterances about art).

In the appropriate setting of Dorchester Abbey we find an excellent group of Piper’s work. I particularly loved seeing close to the copes and religious vestments that Piper designed for various places. They are powerful symbols of the religious artist’s work. But all the work is, in its own way, well worth seeing.

I wonder how many more shows we can squeeze in for this artist in the short term without viewer fatigue settling in, however refreshing and varied the work?

Basildon Park

The National Trust at Basildon have arranged a display of mid-20th C British art from the Arts Council permanent collection. I visited it on Sunday. Sensitively arranged throughout the house the idea is a loose commemoration of Lord Iliffe, who himself collected pictures of this type and period.

There is the important and well-known Sutherland from 1950, Standing Form against a Hedge, which is located in a sensational room full of the house’s own collection of Sutherland cartoons for the Coventry Cathedral tapestry. This room alone is worth the visit to anyone interested in 20th C British art.

Otherwise the rarely seen Robert Colquhoun of The Gardener from 1953. By that time the artist was reaching the end of his production of oil paintings, apart from a late burst to supply new works for the 1958 retrospective at the Whitechapel Gallery.

There is an important Michael Andrews called Four People Sunbathing from 1955 and 2 major oils by Ceri Richards. And so on. An excellent show.

Vienna

Just back from Vienna where we saw a Henry Moore sculpture called Hill Arches in the Karlsplatz outside the Karlskirche and a Francis Bacon (Seated Figure of 1960) in the Albertina. Otherwise we were conscious that we were in the City where Cecil Beaton met Watson for the first time in the Summer of 1930.

Freud Portraits

At last managed to see the terribly crowded show at the NPG. The rooms cannot bear the numbers of people, who when I was there were concentrated in the rooms showing the earlier more interesting pictures. There was basically no-one lingering in a room showing the Benefits Supervisor lady and the large male nude, whereas it was impossible to move amongst the exquisite pictures from the 1940’s and 1950’s, when Freud was arguably at his peak. I personally infinitely prefer the early style Freud work, such as the portrait of John Minton. There is a very odd picture of Peter Watson, whose symbolism is hard to unravel. The better Freud picture of Watson, from a little later (1945), was not in the show. It lives in the V and A.

Peter Watson and others in Sicily

Just returned from Taormina. Peter Watson visited in 1950/1, staying at the grand hotel, the San Domenico Palace. Nearby was Truman Capote, who lived there at the time, and also the Englishwoman, Daphne Phelps, at Casa Cuseni. She had a string of high profile cultural visitors and it would be interesting to know if Watson was one of them.

It would be possible to do a little study of which mid-century artists did visit the island. We know Edward Bawden did, and also Julian Trevelyan and Alfred Daniels. Perhaps there were a lot of them. There were certainly plenty of high profile visitors to Sicily around this time (Harold Acton went with Evelyn Waugh on an extremely difficult trip in about 1953).

Graham Sutherland and John Piper

I caught the quite extensive show of Sutherland at Oxford. There was a deliberate concentration on landscapes, especially of Welsh scenes. The issue was that the extensive output of fairly small pictures of this type did not necessarily represent the finished product. It can be hard to decide whether Sutherland is working through ideas or leaving such works fully formed. Insofar as they are in the former category they are to that extent unsatisfactory. An undifferentiated mixture of finished and half-finished works is difficult for any but the non-specialists to enjoy. There were no major large-scale works to contemplate, perhaps because the Museum of Modern Art in Oxford doesn’t have quite the exhibition budget of its namesake in New York. A better format would have been a few big pictures and their preliminary sketches, so that one could trace their development.

The exhibition of Michael Gyselynck’s Piper collection at the River and Rowing Museum at Henley-on-Thames is, by contrast, a sweet little affair. The collector had set out to own a wide variety of good quality works by Piper and the attraction of a nice manageable group of excellent works from a domestic collection was obvious. It was notably easier to relate to than the more normal battery of pictures seen in a big public gallery setting. I would recommend this to anyone looking to begin to grasp the astonishing range of Piper’s wide talents. Be warned about what you think is going to be the catalogue for the show, though. I happily bought it and took it away to read later, only to find that it was left over from a totally different Piper show at the same venue over 10 years earlier!

Peter Watson in the FT

Nice to see Watson on page 13 of today’s Financial Times! Not a paper which often refers to him. He pops up in a review of the new Keith Vaughan show at the wonderful Pallant House. Richard Cork’s review rather oddly labels him a “publisher”, presumably because he paid for the publication of Horizon. He is sometimes confused with a firm which published Tambimuttu, but he had nothing to do with that so far as I can tell. A more usual epithet for him is Maecenas-like, which seems a little more appropriate.

The full text of Vaughan’s Journal in the Tate Archive contains some interesting snippets on his relationship with Watson. These will be covered in the book.